Will Maslow was a Jewish attorney and civil rights leader, and served as Director of American Jewish Congress from 1960 to 1972. This is an excerpt from his paper read at the annual meeting of the Association of Jewish Community Relations Workers on January 11, 1960. The paper deals with anti-Semitic tendencies in the African American community and the development of anti-African American tendencies in the Jewish community. Marking it "confidential," Maslow sent copies of the paper to his colleagues at American Jewish Congress, in preparation for their dinner meeting with African American leaders the following month. Though typically historians speak of the "breakdown of the black-Jewish alliance" in reference to the late 1960s, this earlier document identifies tensions between Jews and African Americans that already were present and under discussion in 1960.